Key Highlights
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A new study shows that a single episode of acute stress can impair a mouse’s ability to adapt its behavior when rules change, a cognitive process called reversal learning. This impairment is linked to specific chemical and genetic changes in the orbitofrontal cortex, a brain region crucial for flexible decision-making.
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Researchers have identified a specific pattern of microstructural damage, measured by fractional anisotropy in MRI scans, within slowly expanding brain lesions that predicts worsening disability in multiple sclerosis independent of relapses. This finding provides a potential new biomarker to track the silent progression of the disease and could help guide treatment decisions.
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A large-scale analysis of real-world health data reveals that patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have more than double the 5-year risk of developing a serious heart infection called infective endocarditis compared to matched controls. This suggests HCM may be an under-recognized risk factor, as current medical guidelines do not recommend preventive antibiotics for these patients.
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