Oncology

Oncology focuses on the biology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer. It examines how normal cells acquire mutations, evade regulatory controls, and grow into malignant tumors that can invade tissues and spread throughout the body. The field integrates molecular biology, immunology, genetics, pathology, and clinical medicine to understand cancer mechanisms and develop effective therapies. From targeted drugs and immunotherapies to early-detection technologies and personalized treatment strategies, oncology advances drive major improvements in survival and quality of life. It remains one of the most rapidly evolving areas in biomedical research.