Cell Biology

Cell Biology explores how cells—the fundamental units of life—are built, how they function, how they communicate, and how they respond to their environment. It investigates the molecular machinery that drives processes such as energy production, gene expression, growth, division, movement, and programmed death. By studying organelles, membranes, signaling pathways, and the dynamic interactions that maintain cellular stability, cell biology reveals the principles underlying development, immunity, aging, and disease. It serves as a foundation for understanding cancer, regenerative medicine, biotechnology, and nearly every modern field of biomedical research.