Key Highlights
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A simple eye test measuring pupil dilation during cognitive tasks can serve as a useful marker for attention and cognitive effort in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This easy-to-administer measure could help track changes in brain function in healthy aging and early neurodegenerative disease.
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Measuring the full daily rhythm of cortisol, rather than single-time-point tests, could improve the diagnosis and monitoring of Cushing syndrome, a disorder of chronic high cortisol. This approach may help identify underdiagnosed cases and better track treatment success by focusing on normalizing the body’s natural stress hormone cycle.
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In pregnancies with gestational diabetes, the fetus’s pancreas is significantly larger and shows increased echogenicity on ultrasound as early as the second trimester. This suggests that changes in the fetal pancreas may reflect the mother’s metabolic condition and could become an early ultrasound marker for the disease.
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A new AI pathology model can help diagnose a rare and deadly liver cancer called intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, which is often confused with cancers that have spread from other organs. This tool could reduce the need for costly, invasive tests and speed up the start of appropriate treatment for patients.
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A study in Africa found that 1 in 8 hospitalized adults were critically ill, with about half suffering from respiratory failure, yet nearly half of those were not receiving oxygen therapy. This highlights a major gap in access to a basic, life-saving treatment in low-resource settings, contributing to millions of preventable deaths.
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